which of the following is a pathogen quizlet

A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. eosinophils and neutrophils Leishmania (Leishmaniasis) This problem has been solved! B red blood cells. is part of the inflammatory response. The risk of HIV/AIDS transmission from a needle stick is approximately _____ percent. epinephrine Of the three options listed, which is the preferred method to protect employees from exposure to blood or OPIM? During which stage of the infection process is an individual highly contagious? Organisms that lack chlorophyll and consist of reproductive spores and threadlike fibers represent what? Inactivate the gene so that fimbriae are no longer produced. memory cell Let the upper rod have a mass of 7.0kg7.0 \mathrm{~kg}7.0kg and the lower rod a mass of 4.0kg4.0 \mathrm{~kg}4.0kg. Legal. In each of the following sentences, cross out any incorrect word and write the correct word above it. (c) What initiates the period of decline? a type of sking infection spread by direct skin-to-skin contact is what? Tuberculosis, rheumatic fever The thymus cleanses the blood from the cardiovascular system of cellular debris and bacteria. 12. endobj q"]dg' ~2CqfR Z:+ C2'\&zQH4U^;D},}y 7HhTKy/5z'/wj\jB}H+Dzzke/}^bTY9bH]K0mY&0 j0#\0p(-&T"vUYIAcD+Hdb->[[~@+u@*i!VI7kiT.&S6dI&ezre^Zm;U;-)oR.s. ~s9(kB4)a26;]DP/>EahC_6KaKfho s2Lr`P(L"eG5dM|cGzU\BVszPdQj-XT2%dsg*fs9]XG%ZZ4cCzaOOzdivV> antibodies. In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. Lymph capillaries drain directly into the right lymphatic duct. *Rheumatic fever is associated with an inflammatory response that can damage the heart muscle and valves. the chemical forms a gas that is inhaled and travels deep into the lungs, Viruses regularly move between animals and humans in mayor but dangerous cases a brothers may undergo a genetic change that increases its risk of causing serious disease in human populations of the following changes in human animal interactions could reasonably be expected to increase the risk of human harm due to virus exposure, Humans now raise large number of animals for food, A medical facility stores material that produce out for radiation these materials are located in room surrounded by thin wooden walls what are the specific rest to a worker walking just outside the room, tobacco smoke is a teratogen. Blood is the only bodily fluid that can carry pathogens. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. they are lost as we age. A. Candida Make sure that all rats in the study are healthy. innate In July 2015, a report was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. Section: 07.02. a vaccination. Section: 07.02, Monocytes become what type of cell in the tissue? Explain\text{\red{Explain}}Explain Why are hypotheses so important to controlled experiments? Immunity produced by the injection of gamma globulin is known as what? C. It is an example of an adhesin. You also discover that it targets liver cells. microorganisms. ____ 1. Add back the fimbriae gene (on a plasmid) into the mutant to construct a complemented strain. *Cytokines regulate white blood cell formation so they are being investigated as a possible treatment for AIDS. (f) gel filtration. Microorganisms that do not cause disease. Show explicitly that the difference between adjacent energy levels in an infinite square well becomes arbitrarily small compared with the energy of the upper level, in the limit of large quantum number nnn. The final temperature of the system is 100^\circC. IgM Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. It is an injection of serum that contains antibodies. destroying their nucleic acids. 36. rheumatoid arthritis An employee, who has an occupational exposure potential with blood or OPIM, does not need to notify their supervisor as to the existence of an open sore. Definition. they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. The electric component of a beam of polarized light is Ey=(5.00V/m)sin[(1.00106m1)z+t]E_y=(5.00V/m)\sin[(1.00 \times 10^6 m^{-1})z + \omega t]Ey=(5.00V/m)sin[(1.00106m1)z+t]. *Certain complement proteins involved in the membrane attack complex kill foreign microbes by causing them to burst. Period of decline = pathogen particles start to decline - slightly less than maximum 33. *The antigen first binds to the B-cell receptor (BCR) to activate antibody-mediated immunity. They are both forms of an infection. Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. although standard precautions apply to all potentially infections situations, TBPs are chosen based on the potential means of transmission of the disease or condition. Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. *In severe combined immunodeficiency disease, both B and T cells are lacking. C. must list all department personnel by name, A Level UK Politics: Topic 4 - Voting Behavio, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Medical Terminology: Learning Through Practice. D. It is produced by immune cells to target pathogens. 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. 1. who should not get vaccinated for meningitis? Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. tonsils and bone marrow, thymus and bone marrow general *Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and T lymphocytes travel to the thymus to mature. They are both forms of active immunity. This should be quickly treated with C Fungus Define the viscosity and osmolarity of blood. Hepatitis B c. HIV d. E.coli Definition a. D antibodies. pain Small parasitic worms that attack specific tissues or organs are known as what? ", Organisms or the toxins they produce that can cause disease in people or animals are known as, "Any item that has the potential to pierce, cut, or puncture the skin should be disposed of in a proper puncture proof container immediately after being used.". A Bacteria The virus infected the gorillas and chimpanzees, but only the chimpanzees got sick since the virus is not a pathogen to gorillas. 6. Why will a diverging (convex) mirror never produce a real image? *They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. Kochs postulates are used to determine whether a particular microorganism is a pathogen. Definition. Therefore, it causes breaks in the skin that could serve as a portal of entry for pathogens. histamine. Section: 07.01. Patients who are at risk due to surgical incisions, weakened immune systems due to pre-existing conditions or medical treatments could use those sinks, transfer the pathogen to their bodies and develop an infection or disease. endobj Explain how helminths evade the immune system. Section: 07.04, Cytokines assist in regulating white blood cell formation. Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? interferon. They are not as easily treated compared with those involving free-floating (or planktonic) bacteria. Number if studies suggest that these elevated concentrations can be traced back to emissions from rockets. Section: 07.04, Before working at the hospital, Beth was given a Mantoux skin test to detect tuberculosis. Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? Which of the following is NOT a way for pathogens to enter the body? pa help po sagutan 10 words lang po ok na po thanks po Example: The tounsts had an appomtment to meet with their nation's $\overset{\text{consul}}{\cancel{\text{counsel}}}$. In an employer's exposure control plan, s/he is required to include a category called 'exposure determination'. 100% (2 ratings) 8) e) Mannose-binding lectin because this protein plays a very crucial role in the activation of the complementation pathway called the lectin pathway. IgE, IgM pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. An employee who has been exposed to blood or OPIM must be offered a private medical evaluation. The body will not be able to fight off the pathogen quickly, because it knows how to get into the body easier. The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? 20. 1. D Polio, Which pathogen cannot be cured with antibiotics? Which of the following statements about the treatment of viruses is not true? How much to the bowl? The principal reason the company ran that ad was to attract attention. -An employee who is exposed to a pathogen during the course of regular work duties. Brian goes to the hospital after not feeling well for a week. The Centers for Disease Control estimate that there are about _______________ people living with HIV in the United States. As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart). Section: 07.03, People with allergies do not produce IgE. Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brian's case. Biofilm forms EPS, which allows the bacteria to remain attached to the host tissues. Which of the following individuals introduced the terms "aerobes" and "anaerobes"? A Protozoans Pathogens are microorganisms that cure disease. *The inflammatory response occurs after the pathogen has entered the body. -The use of Personal *The Mantoux skin test uses the delayed allergic response to indicate exposure to tuberculosis. Acupuncture involves needles that are inserted into the skin. Section: 07.03, In ______ immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens while in ______ immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. Two types of toxins are hemolysins and leukocidins. Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? - the virulence factors are: aflatoxin & gliotoxin Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Kochs postulates? In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. Washing your hands is one of the main ways to prevent from getting sick. *When an injury is not serious, the inflammatory response is short-lived and the healing process will quickly return the affected area to the normal state. The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: A virus. False, True a generalized and nonspecific set of defenses against a class or group of pathogens. B. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. True It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. 21. A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. IgD antibodies signify the readiness of the B cells. phagocytosis is involved. The tiniest and toughest pathogens are what? in putting on ppe, the first article to put on is the which of the following is not OSHA standard? Section: 07.02. Infected blood or OPIM may be transmitted through which of the following means? D Protozoa, Which two diseases can be life threatening? Pathogen A has an ID50 of 50 particles, pathogen B has an ID50 of 1,000 particles, and pathogen C has an ID50 of 1 106 particles. C Protozoa hay fever tonsils and thymus This allowed Streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. *Anything that the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body is called an antigen. *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. *IgM antibodies activate the complement and clump cells. *(g) chiral. A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. False, True Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. a. True A. hemolysin (a) Would the toxin be able to enter into the intestinal epithelial cell? OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 1: Microorganisms & the Chain of Infection Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 2. *:Q ]+]lroYQ-Q$2B&qQ1pLOQ;tg# . Certain complement proteins kill foreign microbes by They release histamine which causes blood vessels to become permeable. neutral, passive Is salt and pepper a heterogeneous mixture? MTBE and gasoline leak from old tanks, then the MTBE dissolved into water and moves through soils into groundwater. Exoenzymes are classified according to the macromolecule they target and exotoxins are classified based on their mechanism of action. Eukaryotes Phagocytes are both mobile and found in fixed locations throughout the body. *Hay fever is a hypersensitivity. answer choices virus bacteria fungus parasite/protist Question 3 30 seconds Q. produces T and B cells. Section: 07.05, Histamine, released during inflammation, is associated with which defense mechanism? The reason the complement system is called that is because it The Shiga and diphtheria toxins target __________ in host cells. True normal flora (bacteria mostly), neutrophils and macrophages Candida can invade tissue by producing the exoenzymes __________ and __________. Symptoms: nausea and migraine. IgG Devise an arrangement of mirrors allowing you to see the back of your head. mononucleosis is most common amoung the elderly. B-cell mediated. 15. Symptoms of a disease are subjective and are reported by the patient. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? A. a surface protein allowing the pathogen to bind to host cells B. a secondary host the pathogen can infect C. a surface protein the host immune system recognizes D. the ability to form a provirus A 10. 26. B Mumps and measles False, False The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. ", "Hepatitis C, or HCV, has a high rate of chronic infection with an estimated _________ cases in the United States.". Pathogen A has an ID50 of 50 particles, pathogen B has an ID50 of 1,000 particles, and pathogen C has an ID50of 1 106 particles. thyroid and tonsils It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. *"Innate" in this context means that these defenses act indiscriminately against all pathogens. [8QRP{i?P-%?`ReX}:Tgx There is currently no vaccination available for Hepatitis B. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. - it is an opportunistic pathogen become plasma cells. This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. Since fungal infections are of a certain type of microorganism, areas o fhte that can be infected include all but which of the following? CINO2CINO_2CINO2 (NNN is the central atom), a harmful condition that is spread from one living thing to another. What type of response is this? Which of the following is NOT considered a bloodborne pathogen? IgD OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 4: The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. to avoid eating a high concentration of mercury, which food should you select, soybeans watered with water from the river, which of the following approaches could help reduce the risk of malaria in a city without introducing new risks to human populations, search for and remove items that could hold accumulated water. *T cells possess specific receptors that help them identify antigens. Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. IgE 7. Section: 07.03, What is the definition of an antigen? toxic shock syndrome has been assiciated witht the use of what? antiviral drugs can completely eradicate viral infections. (b) How do they differ? %PDF-1.5 they only act internally. If you have a __________, you literally have a plant living on your body. Infectious diseases can be spread by any of the following ways except: The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: The virus that causes __________ also causes itchy, red bumps. Uploaded By AndreaM8. active, passive Test Prep. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. What is the most common way a nosocomial infection is acquired? A very hot 300 g copper cylinder is dropped into the water, causing the water to boil, with 5.00 g being converted to steam. *(c) ion. OSHA is responsible for the general safety and well-being of employees in almost all workplace environments and is a part of the United States Department of Labor, "In regards to bloodborne pathogen awareness and exposure prevention, you are held to the level of accountability as any other person working in the healthcare setting.". This allowed Streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. Employees who have an occupational exposure risk to blood or OPIM are to be offered the hepatitis B vaccination at no cost. Who is not at high risk for contracting MRSA? Section: 07.04, The RhoGAM shot given to Rh negative mothers with an Rh positive fetus is an example of what type of immunity? He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. 35. a. pathogens b. nonpathogens c. opportunistic pathogens d. indigenous microflora e. saprophytes: Term. the purpose of a protective environment for highly immunosuppressed patient is prevent transmission of infection to patient, Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology: Cha, Radiation Protection Radiation Monitoring, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins. Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. Multiple Choice. damage resulting in cell lysis Margination is defined as the process in which monocytes stick to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection Which of the following pairs is mismatched? True or False 2. rheumatic fever - 12838571. alexis1713 alexis1713 06/18/2019 Health Middle School answered Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? She suspects that the bacterium's fimbriae are a virulence factor. The bacterium is probably which of the following? interferon B Inchworms MHC Safety glasses are not necessary when working with BBP? How often is bloodborne pathogens training required? Molecular Kochs postulates are used to determine what genes contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. neutrophils and macrophages BCR IgG Laws against___ have been challenged in court on the grounds that they violate one's constitutional rights. Determine the free-vibration response of the triple pendulum shown in given figure for li=l(i=1,2,3)l_i=l(i=1,2,3)li=l(i=1,2,3) and mi=m(i=1,2,3)m_i=m(i=1,2,3)mi=m(i=1,2,3) for the initial conditions 1(0)=2(0)=0\theta_1(0)=\theta_2(0)=01(0)=2(0)=0, 3(0)=30,i(0)=0(i=1,2,3)\theta_3(0)=\theta_{30}, \dot{\theta}_i(0)=0(i=1,2,3)3(0)=30,i(0)=0(i=1,2,3). As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart). What does this mean for the movement of this chemical through the environment? PTd?M5I$w7AKvnC=_$QisBH " Rjob/V? HCG It acts as a spreading factor. True Hypersensitivity to a substance in one's diet or environment is called what? *The Major Histocompatibility Complex antigens must match to avoid rejection of the transplant. A) Anton van Leeuwenhoek B) Louis Pasteur C) Robert Koch . Ability to damage the host The characteristics of a pathogen that determine its virulence include which of the following? It is one of the most common bacterial causes of diarrhea and the most common cause of foodborne-related hospitalizations and deaths. (b) How do they differ? active, neutral Which of the lymphatic organs is also part of the skeletal system? For each of the following pairs of isotopes, indicate which one you think would be radioactive: OSHA mandates that all employers are required to develop an Exposure Plan outlining what steps are to be taken to prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens. (a) Would the toxin be able to enter into the intestinal epithelial cell? 2 Q One-celled plants and animals are called: unicells. Automatically remove your image background. D. fimbriae, 14. I will be given an exposure plan by my clinical instructor/coordinator detailing what steps I should take if I am exposed to a potentially infectious source while at my clinical site. How long till Hepatitis B shows symptoms? which of the following is a pathogen, risk is often presented as _____, which is a measure of the statistical likelihood that something will occur, generally speaking, as economic development occurs, the risk of exposure to indoor air pollution _____, and the impact . Describe how molecular Kochs postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. Viruses are treated with antibiotics. The page below is a sample from the LabCE course OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens. A biological or physical vehicle that carries an agent to a host describes a what? *It is true that cytokines assist in regulating white blood cell formation. - it acts as a mutagen and carcinogen The hallmark symptoms of meningitis include all of the following except? microorganisms that cause disease varicella zoster is the cause of chickenpox hiv is the causative agent of AIDS Vectors include insects some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the a. urinary tract b. respiratory tract c. colob d. circulatory system c. Colon It is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. 9. A. Which of the following best describes the innate nonspecific immune system? cell-mediated - cross blood placenta barrier agglutinating them. -Cough etiquette 22. IgA antibodies prevent pathogens from attaching to epithelial cells in the digestive and respiratory tract. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Which of the following is not considered an administrative control to prevent or minimize BBP exposure? The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. does Chronic fatigue syndrome have a cure? True 4. They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. What do "having the measles" and being vaccinated against the measles have in common? They are both forms of an immune deficiency. Two periods of acute disease are the periods of illness and period of decline. plasma cell Which of the following is not one of the functions of the lymphatic system? Calculate the outside air temperature. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. True or False: Breast milk is considered a possible transmission source of bloodborne pathogens. *(a) gas-liquid. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). active (a) How are these toxins similar? AIDS An infection is an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply, and cause disease. 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