content theories include all of the following theories except:

e) People with a low need for achievement will also have a low need for affiliation. Therapy in which the goal is to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally and logically. Thus, an employee can be dissatisfied with low pay. Relatively high pay is necessary to sustain performance on certain low-skill jobs. The second set of needs he termed hygienes. Hygienes relate to the work environment and are based in the basic human need to avoid pain. According to Herzberg, growth needs motivate us to perform well and, when these needs are met, lead to the experience of satisfaction. Give examples. A disaster may be domestic or international b. To be seen and heard. To speculate, formulate, analyze, and generalize. Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: a. behavioral. Solve the application problem involving cash and trade discounts. d) People are less comfortable when they are under-rewarded than when they are over-rewarded. Ans: e Page: 102 e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. b) Equity, reinforcers, and goals Of the three needs studied by McClelland, nAch has the greatest impact. The content theories of motivation include all of the following EXCEPT: a. hierarchy of needs theory. e) relatedness factors. Successful managers tend to be high in this type of nPow. Launched in 2013, Bombas is the brain child of Randy Goldberg and David Heath. But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? To give sympathy and gratify the needs of a helpless object: an infant or any object that is weak, disabled, tired, inexperienced, infirm, defeated, humiliated, lonely, dejected, sick, or mentally confused. c) reinforcers Content theories of motivation mainly focus on the physiological and psychological deficiencies that people feel a compulsion to reduce or eliminate. Which of the following is a limitation of Herzberg's two-factor theory? c) Expectancy High-nAch people are not motivated by tasks that are too easy or extremely difficult. To have ones needs gratified by the sympathetic aid of an allied object. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. A high social power seeker satisfies needs for power by influencing others, like the personal power seeker. d) The theory links motivation and needs to both satisfaction and performance. High need for achievement can also be important, but it sometimes results in too much concern for personal success and not enough for the employers success. If the MARR is 20%, which pump should be selected? e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. The Promotion contains a game of chance . Hygienes can cause dissatisfaction if they are not present in sufficient levels. Kohlberg's theory of moral development Piaget's stages of cognitive development Erikson's stages of psychosocial development Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development LEVEL 2 Wine Online with Tasting Kit Course runs April 3 - May 8, 2023 Live Webinars: Mondays 4/10, 4/17, 4/24 and 5/08 from 3pm-4:30pm ET. Hygiene factors are not directly related to the work itself (job content). This doesnt mean that they avoid other people, or that they dislike others. Earrings Depot records bad debt using the allowance, balance sheet method. a) hygiene factors are associated with the job context or work setting. The ecological systems perspective includes all of the following except: a) it evolved from family systems theoriesb) it is considered a traditional helping approach c) it is multi-contextual d) individual and system factors must be considered in understanding a helpee's problem* (pages 158-160)17. d) Interactional justice Organizational behavior researchers, however, are not as enamored with it because research results dont support Maslows hierarchical notion. e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. Needs must be maintained (we must continue to eat occasionally). If not, Murray calls this a latent need. b) self esteem The basis behind this theory is that segments of DNA that occur at the . For example, by providing adequate pay, safe working conditions, and cohesive work groups, employers help employees satisfy their lower-order needs. Lucretias chattiness probably indicates her need for affiliation. Placing a company in a larger context and adding a second, higher purpose than the established company goals motivates employees to police the company itself to be a better global citizen. The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo When motivator needs are met, however, employees feel satisfied and are motivated to perform well. d) Motivation = expectancy X rewards X valence Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . Considerable numbers of studies have demonstrated that tasks are intrinsically motivating when they satisfy at least one of three higher-order needs: competence, autonomy, and relatedness. b) only two needs may be activated at the same time c) Hygiene factors do not prevent job dissatisfaction from occurring. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. Job enrichment programs are among the many direct results of his research. c. He relied on correlational methods. All of the following statements describe hygiene factors in the two-factor theory EXCEPT: b.) Question 8. Or she may not be in the proper environment to solicit behaviors to satisfy the need. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards esteem, social, and Intense forms of dissatisfaction distract employees from important work-related activities and tend to be demotivating.16 Thus, managers should make sure that such basic needs as adequate pay, safe and clean working conditions, and opportunities for social interaction are met. b) sense of achievement. d) Social d) Goals are most likely to motivate people toward higher performance when they are accepted and there is commitment to them. social, esteem, and self-actualization. It is too easy. David C. McClelland and his associates (especially John W. Atkinson) built on the work of Murray for over 50 years. a) The multiplier effect is still in question. To vindicate the ego. To defend the self against assault, criticism, and blame. To form and further an erotic relationship. The second component, frustration, occurs when we attempt but fail to satisfy a particular need. Describe a content theory of motivation. d. Ken Wilbur. b) Motivator factors include a sense of achievement, recognition, and responsibility. These outside the person factors are extrinsic rewards. a) Acquired needs theory They avoid both simple and impossible situations. c) People who feel they are overpaid tend to decrease the quantity or quality of their work, whereas people who feel they are underpaid tend to increase the quantity or quality of their work. c) internalized negative inequity To overcome opposition forcefully. a. deterrence theory b. routine activities theory c. social disorganization theory d. neurological theory, Examples of informal sanctions include the following EXCEPT ______. e) Motivation, If the average worker can produce 25 ornaments an hour, which goal is likely to lead to the best performance? All of the following characteristics apply to the prokaryotes except A. Prep for a quiz or learn for fun!. They accept credit for success and blame for failure. 60. Sustainability should be tied to a higher purpose and foster a sense of unity not simply among employees, but even with competition at a societal level (Knowledge @ Wharton 2016). b) It should be consistent across different cultures. d) Clayton Alderfer Where would you place that on Maslows hierarchy of needs? Apparently, people dont go through the five levels in a fixed fashion. Social comparison is the basic foundation of which theory? All of the following are examples of stage theories in development except _____. But paying him more will not cause long-term satisfaction unless motivators are present. and you must attribute OpenStax. e) subconscious goals and conscious goals are not linked, a) difficult goals lead to higher performance than "do your best" or easy goals, ________ conducted research on subconscious goal motivation. Identify important outcomes. A near-death experience (NDE) is a profound personal experience associated with death or impending death which researchers claim share similar characteristics.When positive, such experiences may encompass a variety of sensations including detachment from the body, feelings of levitation, total serenity, security, warmth, the experience of absolute dissolution, and the presence of a light. To quit embarrassing situations or to avoid conditions that may lead to belittlement or the scorn or indifference of others. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. 4. behavioral. __________ is classified as a process theory. Bitcoin or net neutrality, sea levels or factory farmingsocial causes bind us to a larger context or assume a higher purpose for living better. That means giving them opportunities to learn new skills, to perform their jobs without interference, and to develop meaningful relationships with other customers and employees in other departments. e) social needs tend to be dominant in more collectivist societies. But most of us dont steal. d) psychologically distorting the comparisons. As with nAch, nAff varies in intensity across individuals. A common thread through all of them is that people have a variety of needs. Motivators relate to job content. Henry A. Murray recognized this problem and condensed the list into a few instinctive and learned needs.3 Instincts, which Murray called primary needs, include physiological needs for food, water, sex (procreation), urination, and so on. c) ERG theory contends that more than one need may be activated at a particular point in time, whereas Maslow's theory does not. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. Easy Peasy All-in-One Homeschool is a free Christian homeschool curriculum for grades K-12. Why might concentrating on motivators give better results? d) esteem. e) assumed negative inequity, According to equity theory, which of the following exists when an individual feels that he or she has received relatively more than others have received? c) an individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives In this case, Alderfers third component, frustration regression, can cause us to shift our attention to a previously satisfied, more concrete, and verifiable need. Effective managers carefully assess the degree to which people have high or low nAff. b) difficult goals frustrate workers a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs The unique feature of Herzbergs theory is that job conditions that prevent dissatisfaction do not cause satisfaction. e) The absence of motivator factors causes job dissatisfaction. d) Felt positive inequity d) The presence of motivator factors in a job contributes to a person's job performance. You may have noticed that content theories are somewhat quiet about what determines the intensity of motivation. stick to one leadership style. d) the order of needs in the hierarchy may differ across cultures. Are CCC and DDD mutually exclusive? Which of the following statements accurately describes Herzberg's hygiene factors? insight therapies a. b. providing a value system. Once satisfied, employees will be motivated to build esteem and respect through their work achievements. The two main psychological developmental theories include continuous and discontinuous development. the amount of effort a person puts forth. c) affiliation Organizational behavior researchers often classify motivation in terms of what stimulates it. consent of Rice University. Which of the following statements is true with regards to the research on Maslow's needs hierarchy? The theories then discuss motivation in terms of filling these needs. d) Higher and lower-order needs become equally important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. c) Self-actualization d) It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing. But managers use theory every day. c) It can vary across cultures. First, managers should address the hygiene factors. c) job enrichment One wonders if athletes like Tim Tebow are self-actualizing when they participate in multiple sporting endeavors at the professional level. In the context of motivation, level refers to __________. a.) Hygiene c) leaving the situation. As shown in Exhibit 14.7, the ERG model addresses the same needs as those identified in Maslows work: Exhibit 14.8 identifies a number of ways in which organizations can help their members satisfy these three needs. Definition. That is, most people spend much of their lives developing self-esteem and the esteem of others. Motivators, which relate to the jobs we perform and our ability to feel a sense of achievement as a result of performing them, are rooted in our need to experience growth and self-actualization. Which of the following is classified as a content theory? a) How a person will respond to types of leadership direction Q9 - Rational choice theories developed in the midst of social events that included all of the following EXCEPT: The Drug War. The resulting frustration may make satisfying the unmet need even more important to usunless we repeatedly fail to satisfy that need. Rays sold $3,745,060 of merchandise, of which 50% was on credit. Two features of needs are key to understanding motivation. That is, before one type of need can manifest itself, other needs must be satisfied. e) ERG theory, 65. McClellands other power seeker is the social power seeker. e. Carl Jung. A. Hierarchy-of-needs B.Two-factor motivation C. Achievement motivation D. Equit y The text focuses on three content theories that have received the greatest amount of attention: the hierarchy-of-needs theory, the two-factor motivation theory, and the achievement motivation theory. d) tacit negative inequity b) ERG To submit passively to external force. According to Maslow, lower-order needs are: Then find the difference between the amount of savings interest and certificate of deposit interest. The unconscious is extremely difficult to study. Maslow condensed human needs into a manageable set. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? d. serving as a research framework. d. through the insights of clinicians d Transpersonal psychology's founders include all of the following except: a. Abraham Maslow b. John Krumboltz c. Stanislav Grof. To get free, shake off restraint, break out of confinement. Once those needs have been satisfied, the next level, social needs, become energized. Which of the following content theories of motivation is associated with the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power? Since content theories suggest that motivation results from individual needs, managers should __________. d) Who will be a more appropriate manager for an employee Think of this in terms of hobbies. The cell theory includes all of the following EXCEPT: a) All living things are composed of cells. SDT researchers have consistently found that as the level of extrinsic rewards increases, the amount of intrinsic motivation decreases. e) relatedness. Herzberg also refers to these factors as dissatisfiers because they are frequently associated with dissatisfied employees. Herzberg considered job duties that lead to feelings of achievement and recognition to be motivators. a) only one need may be activated at the same time To better understand the nAch motive, its helpful to describe high-nAch people. According to Alderfer, which needs reflect a desire for satisfying interpersonal relationships? When a person is behaving in a way that satisfies some need, Murray called the need manifest. 66. Content theories explain work motivation in terms of what arouses, energizes, or initiates employee behavior. Any discussion of needs that motivate performance would be incomplete without considering Abraham Maslow.8 Thousands of managers in the 1960s were exposed to Maslows theory through the popular writings of Douglas McGregor.9 Today, many of them still talk about employee motivation in terms of Maslows theory. d. A disaster may have a known and gradual onset Disasters frequently result in all of the following EXCEPT a. To excite, amaze, fascinate, entertain, shock, intrigue, amuse, or entice others. c. reorganizing experience. They like situations where the probability of success is moderate. d) valences b) perceived positive inequity Employees high in nAff should be placed in jobs that require or allow interactions with other employees. e) It is too culture bound. A motive is a source of motivation; it is the need that a person is attempting to satisfy. To oppose forcefully or punish another. Once satisfied, we focus on our ego and esteem needs. They do it because it is intrinsically motivating; the hobby satisfies needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. ______________ is classified as a content theory. This process was adopted and provided a safer and more efficient way to maintain and clean New York City's sprawling subway. To achieve cleanliness, arrangement, organization, balance, neatness, tidiness, and precision. b) self esteem Rather, hygienes refer to job context factors (pay, working conditions, supervision, and security). Other people have lower affiliation needs. a) Motivator factors are related to job content. b. ERG theory. Exhibit 14.6 shows how Maslows theory relates to factors that organizations can influence. Find (a) the final date on which the cash discount may be taken and (b) the amount necessary to pay the invoice in full if the cash discount is earned. Instincts are our natural, fundamental needs, basic to our survival. To please and win affection of a coveted object. e) 40, Locke and Latham goal-setting research found that __________. According to the two-factor theory of motivation, all of the following are sources of job satisfaction EXCEPT: Do you study at Liberty University? They want others to respond to their wishes whether or not it is good for the organization. Skills-based math and English classes help develop reasoning skills, while textbook exercises ensure long-term mastery of each. Starting tellers at a Chase Bank make a reported $36,100 per year and are in a position that has repeated tasks and may not be the most rewarding from a motivational point of view. content theories include all of the following theories except: gaisano grand mall mission and visionjuin 29, 2022 There are four major ethical theories: deontology (or duty), utilitarianism, rights, and virtue. probable effect that this will have on An overriding principle in this theory is that a persons attention (direction) and energy (intensity) will focus on satisfying the lowest-level need that is not currently satisfied. a) Distributive justice d) Existence, relatedness, and goals an individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives. c) more than one need may be activated at the same time Many needs are learned. a.) a) Lower-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. b. through empirical analysis. This is a manifest need. They simply dont exert as much effort in this area as high-nAff people do. <p>Official Rules</p> <p>NO PURCHASE NECESSARY TO ENTER OR WIN. The more we grow, the more we want to grow. The implication of McClellands research is that organizations should try to place people with high needs for social power in managerial jobs. e) Organizational justice, According to expectancy theory, the value the individual attaches to various work outcomes is known as __________. e) Reinforcement. An employee who is often talkative, gives orders, and argues a lot is motivated by the need for power over others. According to self-determination theory, skilled workers who are given a chance to hone their skills and the freedom to practice their craft will be intrinsically motivated.