In this anatomy muscle song, you can learn rhymes and mnemonics to help you remember the muscle name, location, and one of its functions/actions. This muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles when viewed from the side (Figure 11.4.8). The origin is the fixed attachment, while the insertion moves with contraction. Why are the muscles of the face different from typical skeletal muscle?
Major Muscles Song Anatomy Mnemonics - Registered Nurse RN During that particular movement, individual muscles will play different roles depending on their origin and insertion. The spinalis group includes the spinalis capitis, the spinalis cervicis, and the spinalis thoracis. This compartment is posterior in anatomical position. Brachioradialis muscle:This muscle lies between the flexor and extensor compartments of the forearm. You walk Shorter to a street Corner. The action, or particular movement of a muscle, can be described relative to the joint or the body part moved. The third group, the spinalis group, comprises the spinalis capitis (head region), the spinalis cervicis (cervical region), and the spinalis thoracis (thoracic region). It acts as a weak flexor of the wrist and tenses the palmar aponeurosis (fascia) during grip. It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. As the supraspinatus passes under the subacromial arch it is vulnerable to rupture from a bony spur. Pectoralis major muscle :This is a superficial, large, fan shaped muscle that makes up the bulk of the pectoral (chest) region. Supraspinatus muscle: This rotator cuff muscle is deep and originates from the supraspinous fossa which is located on the posterior superior portion of the scapula. '1 2 me, 3 4 u' (One to me, three for you). Pick a muscle and look up its origin, insertion, and action. Here's a mnemonic that summarizes the brachioradialis and helps you to remember it. It pronates the radius and is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. Bsc Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics. Register now There are numerous muscles in this compartment as well. Reading time: 3 minutes. Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. Due to this abducting movement, the supraspinatus is commonly referred to as the suitcase muscle; i.e. Finally, a reliable source (and good looking too!). The origin is the attachment site that doesn't move during contraction, while the insertion is the attachment site that does move when the muscle contracts. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. Extensor digitorum muscle:This muscle lies in the extensor compartment and arises from the lateral epicondyle. In our cheat sheets, you'll find the origin (s) and insertion (s) of every muscle. The triceps brachii originates on the back of the scapula and humerus, and inserts on the back of the ulna in the forearm. Register now Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. Last Played February 22, 2022 - 12:00 am There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. action: protraction of scapula, muscle that allows you to shrug your shoulders or extend your head Muscular contraction produces an action, or a movement of the appendage. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Deltoid, Latissimus dorsi, Supinator, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor indicis proprius, Extensor digiti minimi, Brachioradialis, Thenar eminence, Hypothenar eminence, Interossei, Lumbricals, Inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula, Intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus (arm), Lateral border of the scapula (middle part), Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet), Lateral rotation of the arm, stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet), Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior facet), Assistance in arm abduction,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Medial rotation of the arm,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Transverse process of the atlas and axis, posterior tubercles C3 and C4, Posterior surface of the medial scapular border (from the superior angle to the root of the spine of the scapula), Anterior rami of the nerves C3 and C4, dorsal scapular nerve (branch of the C5), Superior nuchal line, external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, Spinal accessory nerve; C3 and C4 spinal nerves, Elevation, depression, and retraction of the scapula, Medial half of the clavicle (clavicular head); anterior surface of the sternum, 1st to 6th costal cartilages, aponeurosis of, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus, Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and the fascia overlying the intercostal spaces, Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula, Protraction of the scapula, pulls the coracoid process anteriorly and inferiorly, accessory muscle in respiratory, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, Abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint, Spinous processes of T7-L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, X-XII ribs, Distal half of the anterior side of the humerus and intermuscular septa, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, supinator of the forearm, accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, Anterior surface of the ulna (distal quarter), Anterior surface of the radius (distal quarter), Forearm pronationand binding of the radius and ulna, Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane, Proximal parts of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane, Bases of the phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part), bases of the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Ulnar nerve (medial part), anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part), Flexion of the distal phalanges at the interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part) and of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna (humero-ulnar head) and superior half of anterior border (ulnar head), Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits, Flexion of middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle four digits, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head), coronoid process of the ulna (ulnar head), Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, crest of the ulna, supinator fossa, radial collateral and anular ligaments, Surface of the proximal third of the radial shaft, Posterior surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges (2nd-5th), Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the radial nerve), Extension of the index, middle, ring and little fingers, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior border of the ulna, Medial side of the base of the metacarpal V, Posterior side of the distal third of the ulnar shaft; interosseous membrane, Proximal two-thirds of the supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus, Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius, Forearm flexion, especially during mid-pronation, Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones, Thumb flexion, abduction, and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition, Abduction of the 5th digit and flexion assistance of the proximal phalanx, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Sides of two adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei), Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension, Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus, Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits, Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits. This happens due to overuse, such as with a competitive swimmer or shotput thrower. flashcard sets. It also assists in medial (anterior fibers) and lateral rotation (posterior fibers). To easily remember the three origins of the deltoid, use the mnemonic provided below. There are numerous muscles in this compartment.
Origin & Insertion of Muscles | Overview, Actions & Examples - Video Due to these attachments, the triceps is stretched during forearm flexing. The buccinator muscle compresses the cheek. The movements would be used in bowling or swing your arms while walking. The damaged nerve causes a weakened serratus anterior, leading to the scapula not being pulled down and in during circumduction. Teres minor:This muscle arises from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. Rhomboid major muscle:This is a ribbon like rhomboid shaped muscle that arises from the spinous processes of the T2-T5 (T = thoracic) vertebraeand inserts onto the medial border of the scapula. For origins and insertions, I learned the exceptions in each compartment/the ones that stick out. It allows for powerful elbow extension (such as doing a pushup). and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! The erector spinae group forms the majority of the muscle mass of the back and it is the primary extensor of the vertebral column. The genioglossus (genio = chin) originates on the mandible and allows the tongue to move downward and forward. The insertion then, is the attachment of a muscle on the more moveable bone. It acts to extend the wrist and also contributes to radial deviation of the wrist. The radial two lumbricals are innervated by the median nerve and the ulnar two are innervated by the ulnar nerve.
Muscle origin, insertion, actions and innervations! Jeopardy Template It has numerous muscles and has a complex range of movements.
Muscle memory - Wikipedia 977 Cards -. The particular movement is a direct result of the muscle attachment. The muscles of facial expression originate from the surface of the skull or the fascia (connective tissue) of the face. The insertion is usually distal, or further away, while the origin is proximal, or closer to the body, relative to the insertion. Trapezius muscle:This is a superficial, large, fan like muscle found on the back. Read more. It arises from the anterior surface of the radius and adjacent interosseous membrane. It causes extension of the IP joints, the MP joints, and wrist. Copyright Learn Muscles for Massage Our online MBLEx Course is designed to help massage students learn and memorize all the muscles of the body (origins, insertions and actions). insertion: spinus process of scapula The major muscle that laterally flexes and rotates the head is the sternocleidomastoid. Pectoralis minor muscle:This muscle lies deep to the pectoralis major and arises from 3rd-5th costals sternal ends and its associated fascia (connective tissue surrounding a muscle group). The first describes action in terms of the bone to which the muscle is attached or the appendage that is moved. It is innervated by the deep branch of the radial nerve. It commonly occurs following a fall onto an outstretched hand (FOSH). The humeroulnar head arises from the medial epicondyle and the radial head arises from the superior anterior surface of the radial shaft. SITS; TISS; Mnemonic. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. 0% 0:00.0 The triceps brachii becomes the agonist - while the biceps brachii is the antagonist - when we extend our forearm. The medial head arises from the posterior surface of the humerus below the radial groove. Thenar eminence:It consists of three muscle: flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, and the opponens pollicis.
Levator Ani Muscle - Physiopedia Subscapularis muscle:This is another muscle of the rotator cuff, which is deep and arises from the large anterior subscapular fossa. Definition. I highly recommend you use this site! This muscle song will help you learn the major muscles of the human body . origin: along spinus process of vertebrae and occipital bone
31 Decks -. The rotator cuff is formed by four muscles, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. For example, the biceps brachii performs flexion of the forearm as the forearm is moved. It is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch. Pronator teres muscle is the larger of the pronator muscles and has two heads. Simplify your retention of the thenar muscles by learning the following mnemonic! Raise your eyebrows as if you were surprised and lower your eyebrows as if you were frowning. Muscle Mnemonics. 'Rule of 3s' and 'Busy BeesCollaBorate well'. It arises from the lateral epicondylar ridge and inserts onto the radial styloid process. The clavicular head enables the muscle to act as a flexor (decrease angle between joints) of arm at the shoulder and the sternocostal head enables the muscle to act as an extensor (increase angle between joints). See at a glance which muscle is innervated by which nerve. It acts to pronate the forearm and weakly flex the elbow. 2009. The movement of the eyeball is under the control of the extra ocular (extrinsic) eye muscles, which originate from the bones of the orbitand insert onto the outer surface of the white of the eye. Franchesca Druggan BA, MSc The genioglossus depresses the tongue and moves it anteriorly; the styloglossus lifts the tongue and retracts it; the palatoglossus elevates the back of the tongue; and the hyoglossus depresses and flattens it. In other words, there is a muscle on the forehead (frontalis) and one on the back of the head (occipitals). Last reviewed: November 03, 2021 Check out the following quiz and the learn the muscles of the arm and shoulder. The patient will present with tenderness within the anatomical snuffbox. All rights reserved. The palmar aponeurosis helps resist shearing forces applied to the palm, such as climbing and tool use. The flexor digiti minimi brevis originates from the hamate boneand inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the base of the 5th proximal phalanx. S: supraspinatus I: infraspinatus T: teres minor S: subscapularis With 'SITS', recalling this order also helps remember the insertions of these muscles, with the order being superior, middle, and inferior facets of the greater tubercle of the humerus for supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor respectively and . It also causes contributes to flexion of the proximal IP, MP, and wrist joints, although these are its secondary function. Supinator muscle:It is a small muscle that arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, the supinator crest of the ulna, as well as the annular and radial collateral ligaments that support the radius against the ulna. The muscle arises mainly from the flexor retinaculum and tubercle of the trapezium and inserts onto the proximal phalanx or metacarpal of the thumb. Identify the following muscles and give their origins, insertions, actions and innervations: Axial muscles of the head neck and back The skeletal muscles are divided into axial (muscles of the trunk and head) and appendicular (muscles of the arms and legs) categories. My insertion is the angles of the ribs and transverse processes of C4-C6. Coracobrachialis muscle :The beauty of this muscle is that its name explains its origin, insertion, and action. Each of these actions can be described in one of two ways. The nerve supply arises from the suprascapular nerve (upper and lower), which arises from the unification of the anterior rami of spinal nerves C5 and C6(C = cervical). Bony Landmarks Types & Identification | What are Femur Landmarks? The multifidus muscle of the lumbar region helps extend and laterally flex the vertebral column. Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle:This muscle is located in the intermediate layer and has two heads. This website helped me pass! Don't forget to quiz yourself on the forearm flexors and extensors to consolidate your knowledge! Latissimus dorsi muscle :This is a large, fan shaped superficial muscle which has a large area of origin. The suprahyoid muscles raise the hyoid bone, the floor of the mouth, and the larynx during deglutition. The shoulder moves at the glenohumeral joint. When a movement is repeated over time, the brain creates a long-term muscle memory for that task, eventually allowing it to be performed with little to no conscious . action: elevates scapula, The posterior hamstring muscle group - Action: external rotator of the thigh The Cardiovascular System: Blood, Chapter 19. The muscle is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch. Grounded on academic literature and research, validated by experts, and trusted by more than 2 million users. The iliocostalis group includes the iliocostalis cervicis, the iliocostalis thoracis, and the iliocostalis lumborum. Like how the sartorious muscle is the only . Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis muscles:The longus muscle arises from the lateral epicondylar ridge and inserts onto the dorsal surface of the 2nd metacarpal. Most common manifestations are pain, swelling, and deformity at the joint. However, it prevents the humeral head from slipping downwards. It arises from the transverse processes of the superior four cervical vertebrae (C1-C4). Manifestations are limited movement of the shoulder and severe pain. Iliococcygeus is a thin sheet of muscle that traverses the pelvic canal from the tendinous arch of the levator ani to the midline iliococcygeal raphe where it joins with the muscle of the other side and connects with the superior surface of the sacrum and coccyx. The scalene muscles include the anterior scalene muscle (anterior to the middle scalene), the middle scalene muscle (the longest, intermediate between the anterior and posterior scalenes), and the posterior scalene muscle (the smallest, posterior to the middle scalene). Muscle contraction results in different types of movement. The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. Finally, the scalenes include the anterior scalene, middle scalene, and posterior scalene. Flex and extend the muscle and feel its movements at the origin, midpoint, and insertion. However, the scapula is integral to the movement of the shoulder via the rotator cuffand additional muscles. The dorsal interossei cause abduction of the fingers and the palmar interossei cause adduction of the fingers.
Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Muscles Origin: Ischial Tuberosity In that manner of speaking, this article will explain all the anatomical aspects of the muscles of the scapula, arm, forearm and hand. The masseter muscle is the prime movermuscle for chewing because it elevates the mandible (lower jaw) to close the mouth, and it is assisted by the temporalis muscle, which retracts the mandible. It is also capable of weakly supinating and pronating the forearm. Interossei:These are grouped into four dorsal and threepalmar interossei and are part of the midpalmar group. This is where the rotator cuff muscles become inflamed and impinged as they pass through the subacromial space. Gross Anatomy I.
Pectoral Muscles Anatomy - Mnemonic for upper chest muscles | 3d The muscle origin often describes the more proximal attachment point of the muscle, while the muscle insertion point refers to the distal attachment. MUSCLE NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NOTES MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR AND LATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Internal surfaces of costal cartilages of ribs 7-12 . These insert into the 2nd - 5th proximal phalanges. 1. Like the trapezius, this muscle can be divided into three sets of fibers: anterior, lateral, and posterior. The geniohyoid depresses the mandible in addition to raising and pulling the hyoid bone anteriorly. It is innervated by the median nerve, which passes between its two heads to enter the forearm. Agonists and antagonists are always functional opposites. Tongue muscles can be extrinsic or intrinsic.
Upper limb muscles and movements: Anatomy | Kenhub This eBook contains high-quality illustrations and validated information about each muscle. The muscles discussed below are essential to everyday life and advanced movements such as writing. Youll be able to clearly visualize muscle locations and understand how they relate to surrounding structures. origin: neck The opponens digiti minimi arises from the hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum. It is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve, a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Naming Skeletal Muscles | How are Muscles Named? The muscles are named after their functions, with the flexor muscle lateral most, the abductor medial most, and the opponens muscle lying deep. Each of these muscles has a name; for example, again, the biceps brachii and now the triceps brachii, responsible for both forearm flexion and forearm extension, respectively. Read more. They work on the hyoid bone, with the suprahyoid muscles pulling up and the infrahyoid muscles pulling down. It is innervated by the radial nerve, a portion of the posterior branch of the brachial plexus. The insertion is usually distal,. The Colles fracture is a fracture of the distal radius (within two centimetres of the wrist joint) with associated dorsal translocation of the distal fragment. Explain the difference between axial and appendicular muscles. Supraspinatus tears result in inability to initiate shoulder abduction. Iliacus muscle. It inserts onto the spine of the scapula, acromion, and lateral third of the clavicle. The muscle forms the posterior axillary fold and rotates in order to insert onto the floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus. This is a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with associated dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint. Do Humans Have an Open or Closed Circulatory System? The muscles of the neck stabilize and move the head. It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. It acts to support the extensor digitorum muscle in extending the index finger and wrist. The styloglossus originates on the styloid process of the temporal bone, and allows upward and backward motion. Long head originates from the Supraglenoid cavity. In addition, both muscles working together are the flexors of the head. origin: cervical vertebrae A rule of thumb is that any muscle tendon that crosses a joint will act on that joint. 1. TABLE: Origin, Insertion, and Action for Lecture Checklist: Selected Human Muscles. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, a branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. As the muscles pass anteriorly to the MP joints and insert they cause flexion of the MP joint and extension of the IP joints. Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Differentiate between origin and insertion, as well as proximal and distal, Explain how agonists, antagonists and synergists work together to control muscle movement. The sternocostal head arises from the sternum and the superior 6-7 costal cartilages. The good news? Pronator quadratus muscle:In the deepest layer of the forearm is the pronator quadratus, which is found connecting the radius (insertion) and ulna (origin) at their distal points like a strap. We strive for 100% accuracy, but nursing procedures and state laws are constantly changing. This system reflects the bones of the skeleton system, which are also arranged in this manner. The lower fibersare responsible forelevation and depression. It acts to draw the scapula lateral, forward, downward, and stabilizes the scapula. 2023 Origin: Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially, and laterally rotates arm. The muscle causes flexion of the wrist and ulnar deviation when its acts with extensor carpi ulnaris. The muscles are named after their functions, with the flexor muscle medial most, the abductor lateral most, and the opponens muscle lying deep. The transversospinales include the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, and rotatores. Explore the definition and actions of origin and insertion and learn about action nomenclature and the functional roles of muscles. I nfraspinatus muscle : This muscle is located in the large posterior infraspinous fossa located inferior to the scapular spine. At the end of this video, you will be able to: 20 chapters | It inserts onto the crest of greater tubercle of the humerus.
Muscles: Origin, Insertion, and Action Flashcards | Quizlet The strap-like infrahyoid muscles generally depress the hyoid bone and control the position of the larynx. In this article we will discuss the gross (structure) and functional anatomy (movement) of the muscles of the upper limb. Remaining 0 Correct 0 Wrong 0 Press play! Insertion: Medial proximal condyle of tibia Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Origin: Lateral condyle and proximal tibia Insertion: First metatarsal and first cuneiform Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot, Origin: Condyles of femur Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot, Origin:Posterior, proximal tibia and fibula Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexes foot, Origin: Head and shaft of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: First metatarsal, first cuneiform Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot, Origin: Lateral COndyle of tibia, shaft of fibula Insertion: Middle of distal phalanges of second through fifth digits Action: Extends toes, dorsiflexes foot, Origin: Inferior border of a rib Insertion: Superior border of rib below Action: Elevates ribs (increases volume in thorax), Origin: Inferior border of a rib Insertion: Superior border of rib below Action: Depresses ribs (decreases volume in thorax), Origin: Posterior occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, C7-T12 Insertion: Clavicle, Acromion process, and spine of scapula Action: Extends and abducts head, rotates and adducts scapula, fixes scapula, Origin: Spines of T2-5 Insertion: Lower one-third of vertebral border of scapula Action: retraction of scapula, Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, Spines C7-T1 Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula at scapular spine Action: retraction of scapula, Origin: Galea aponeurotica Insertion: Skin superior to orbit Action: Raises eyebrows, draws scalp anteriorly, Origin: Fascia of facial muscles near mouth Insertion: Skin of lips Action: Closes lips, Origin: Frontal and maxilla on medial margin of orbit Insertion: Skin of eyelid Action: Closes eyelid, Origin: Zygomatic arch Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible Action: Closes mandible, Origin: Temporal fossa Insertion: coronoid process and ramus of mandible Action: Closes mandible, Origin: Sternum, clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal Action: Abducts, rotates, and flexes head, Origin: Ribs 1-8 Insertion: Vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula Action: Abducts scapula (moves scapula away from spinal column), Origin: Bottom of rib cage, Crest of pubis, symphysis pubis Insertion: xiphoid process, Origin: Ribs 5-12 Insertion: Linea alba, iliac crest, pubis Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk, Origin: Inguinal ligament, iliac crest Insertion: Linea alba, ribs 10-12 Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk, Origin: the inner surface of the 7th to 12th costal cartilages, the thoracolumbar fascia, the iliac crest horizontally, and the inguinal ligament Insertion: linea alba Action: support for the abdominal wall, directly on top of the sciatic nerve
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