The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". [59] Over time the term "software engineering" gained the same respect as any other technical discipline. She appeared in The Phil Silvers Show episode S2E20 Bilko Enters Politics (05 February 1957). In reality, she cared deeply about children, frequently giving to charitable organizations. [14] The SAGE Project was an extension of Project Whirlwind, started by MIT to create a computer system that could predict weather systems and track their movements using simulators. [13][14][15] Her work contributed to Lorenz's publications on chaos theory. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Updates? [16] She moved on to another project in the summer of 1961, and hired and trained Ellen Fetter as her replacement.[12]. When she was 80 years old, on November 22, 2016, Margaret Hamilton received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented by the President of the United States, Barack Obama, for her work at NASA during the Apollo missions. And sometimes when I go to schools, if we're in an auditorium, I'll do it. By 1968, she was in charge of all Command Module software, which was all the software for navigation and lunar landing guidance. Miss Hamilton Sings 1840 Song at Play House", "Wicked Witch of the West not always a fright sight", "Wizard of Oz 'witch' loved her Maine island", "Actress Margaret Hamilton, the Wicked Witch of the West", Margaret Hamilton correspondence and ephemera, 1944-1979, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Hamilton_(actress)&oldid=1138589927, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Vague or ambiguous geographic scope from March 2014, Internet Broadway Database person ID same as Wikidata, Internet Off-Broadway Database person ID same as Wikidata, Turner Classic Movies person ID different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Epiisode: "An Eye for an Eye" (S 2:Ep 35), Episode: "Bilko Enters Politics" (S 2:Ep 20), This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 13:49. They liked to kid me about my radical ideas. One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo programs guidance system. She was director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which developed on-board flight software for NASA's Apollo program. Hamilton was born in Cleveland, Ohio and practiced her craft doing children's theater while she was a Junior League of Cleveland member. !' Houston! Heres how it works. In 2009, Margaret Hamilton and fellow MIT software engineers described what is was like to contribute to the Apollo missions 40 years after the famous Apollo 11 landing in the Moon's Sea of Tranquility in July 1969. She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. Moore Boeck. Margaret Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936. [36], Hamilton's priority alarm displays interrupted the astronauts' normal displays to warn them that there was an emergency "giving the astronauts a go/no go decision (to land or not to land)". The content of the programs was printed on continuous paper and stored in large folders. In 1945, she played the domineering sister of Oz co-star Jack Haley in George White's Scandals, comically trying to prevent him from marrying actress Joan Davis, even going so far as to throw a hatchet at her. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). The picture made a terrible impression of some kind on them, sometimes a ghastly impression, but most of them got over it, I guess because when I talk like the Witch, and when I laugh, there is a hesitation and then they clap. This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 16:40. She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. Her latest book, "Why Am I Taller? She was director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which developed on-board flight software for NASA 's Apollo program. In recent years, a striking photo of Hamilton and her teams Apollo code has made the rounds on social media and in articles detailing her key contributions to Apollo 11's success. The company was developed around the Universal Systems Language (USL) and its associated automated environment, the 001 Tool Suite, based on her paradigm of development before the fact for systems design and software development.[32][51][52]. Margaret Hamilton, ne Margaret Heafield, (born August 17, 1936, Paoli, Indiana, U.S.), American computer scientist who was one of the first computer software programmers; she created the term software engineer to describe her work. This system played a crucial role just before the Apollo 11 moon landing on July 20, 1969. Margaret Hamilton. She cofounded the company Higher Order Software in 1976 and established Hamilton Technologies 10 years later. Later in the decade, she was in a little-known film noir, titled Bungalow 13 (1948), in which she again costarred opposite Cromwell. Soon after, Neil Armstrong radioed the expected message to Houston: The Eagle has landed, The Eagle has landed. [4][5] The family later moved to Michigan,[6] where Margaret graduated from Hancock High School in 1954. [18] In 1979, she was a guest speaker at a University of Connecticut children's literature class. Contrary to her character, one of the top villains in movie . She grew up during a time when very few women studied computer science, but Hamilton knew she wanted to write code. [4], Hamilton then joined the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory at MIT, which worked on the Apollo Space Mission. In 1954, she graduated from Thomas Hancock High School in Minnesota. Her Gramercy Park neighbor Sybil Daneman reported that Hamilton loved children but they were often afraid to meet her because of her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz. In recent years, a striking photo of Hamilton and her teams Apollo code has made the rounds on social media and in articles detailing her key contributions to Apollo 11's success. She spent 11 days in hospital and her legs were permanently scarred. In the 1960s, Hamilton was a regular on another CBS soap opera, The Secret Storm, playing the role of Grace Tyrell's housekeeper, Katie. (Image credit: The White House via collectSPACE.com). She also published six books. She subsequently directed and supervised the developments of the Skylab space station mission. And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: community@space.com. Though only in her early '30s, the gloriously unpretty Hamilton subsequently . As she grew, she quickly developed a passion for mathematics and decided to work in this domain. Paul Boynton Meserve (13 June1931 - 20 May1938)( divorced)( 1 child). Hamilton next worked at MITs Instrumentation Laboratory (now the independent Charles Stark Draper Laboratory), which provided aeronautical technology for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). For her work, she was honored with the Presidential Medal. In 2003, she was given the NASA Exceptional Space Act Award for scientific and technical contributions. Between 1969 and 1972, the Apollo program carried out 22 missions: 19 with total success, 2 with partial success and 1 with failure. Her other mid-1970s stage productions, as the producer, were The Three Sisters and House Party.[where? Byla editelkou oddlen softwarovho inenrstv v MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, kter vyvjela letov software pro Program Apollo.V roce 1986 zaloila spolenost Hamilton Technologies, kter sdl ve mst Cambridge ve stt Massachusetts. Hamilton never remarried. Storey was born in San Francisco, California, into an educated household. , money, salary, income, and assets. For her work during this period, Hamilton has been credited with popularizing the concept of software engineering. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Hamilton had to recuperate in a hospital and at home for six weeks after the accident before returning to the set to complete her work on the film and refused to have anything further to do with fire for the rest of the filming. In later years, Hamilton made frequent . Searching to find out more about Margaret Hamilton? Hamilton was a regular parishioner of the Presbyterian church. She portrayed the sister of Witchiepoo from H.R. Later in life, she would comment on the role of the witch in a light-hearted fashion. Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers.. (Apollo 13 aborted before landing due to an explosion in the command module's service area.). A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actor in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. [36], When Hamilton started using the term "software engineering" during the early Apollo missions,[57] software development was not taken seriously compared to other engineering,[58] nor was it regarded as a science. Margaret Hamilton, the actress whose role as the cackling Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz unnerved generations of children, died yesterday, apparently of a heart attack, at a nursing home in Salisbury, Connecticut. "All of a sudden, the normal mission sequences were interrupted by priority displays of 1201 and 1202 alarms, giving the astronauts a go/no-go decision (to land or not to land)," she added. In those years, there were no programming languages like at the end of the 20th century. We knew that. We had to find a way and we did. By Maia Weinstock | MIT News Office Profiled in "American Classic Screen Interviews" (Scarecrow Press). Planetary science is a global profession. President Barack Obama presents Apollo code developer Margaret Hamilton (at left) and "Apollo 13" actor Tom Hanks (right) with the Presidential Medal of Freedom on Nov. 22, 2016. Margaret Hamilton (Margaret Brainard Hamilton) was born on 9 December, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, is an Actress, Soundtrack. She was severely burned during the "Surrender Dorothy!" She was best known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West, and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, in the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film The Wizard of Oz.[1]. Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 1958. "[13] She appeared as herself in three episodes of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, between 1975 and 1976, because Fred Rogers wanted his viewers to recognize the Wicked Witch was just a character and not something to be afraid of. According to Hamilton, this now-iconic image (at left, above) was taken at MIT in 1969 by a staff photographer for the Instrumentation Laboratory later named the Draper Laboratory and today an independent organization for use in promotion of the labs work on the Apollo project. Her family later moved to Michigan and Hamilton attended the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, for a time. In 1933, Hamilton was invited to repeat her stage role of the sarcastic daughter-in-law in the Broadway play Another Language for the MGM film version. [81][80] She briefly taught high school mathematics and French at a public school in Boston, Indiana.